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addition |
in addition, moreover, furthermore, |
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indeed, for example |
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on the contrary |
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logical consequence |
consequently, therefore, as a result, hence, thus, so, since, because |
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illogical consequence / paradox |
although, however, nevertheless, though despite, yet, still |
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simple contrast |
in contrast, whereas, while, unlike |
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evaluative contrast |
on the other hand |
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empirical contrast |
in fact, in reality |
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similarity |
similarly, like |
The Use of Semantic Markers to Increase Clarity
Here is a paragraph from earlier in this section. The semantic markers have been removed and the punctuation modified accordingly. Without going back to check the original, see whether you can insert helpful semantic markers in the most appropriate positions.
The second sentence has more momentum. 'Although' immediately tells the reader that the main point of this sentence will follow and contrast with the opening phrase. The reader is encouraged to read 'The Glasgow ECC can serve as a model of city marketing techniques' quickly in order to get to the main verb phrase. The reader knows that a contrasting point will be made. The reading of the opening is modified and directed. The first sentence gives no hint of where it is going. 'But' is a sudden change of direction.
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© 2002 Martin Paterson